Cyclophosphamide supplier is metabolized in the liver to the active form, aldophosphamide. It is then excreted from the body primarily in urine. In animal models, it has been shown to be carcinogenic. It is also known to induce chromosomal aberrations, sister chromatid exchange, and DNA damage in human cells. It has also been reported to induce morphological transformation in rodents.
The pharmacological activity of cyclophosphamide is mediated by its interaction with the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase. The differential expression of this enzyme in normal versus tumor cells accounts for the unique cytotoxicity and immunosuppressive properties of cyclophosphamide.